重载车用特种低合金钢的铌钛微合金化技术研究与应用现状

Research and Application Status of Niobium-Titanium Microalloying Technology of Special Low Alloy Steel for Heavy Truck

基于铌、钛元素的微合金化技术被广泛应用于低合金钢中,可望为重载车用钢零件性能提升提供助益。本文综述了铌、钛添加后在车用低合金钢中的存在形式、强化机理、析出规律及铸件的热处理工艺。铌钛元素在钢中主要以析出态的形式存在,沉淀强化是其主要强化方式。常用最终热处理以淬火加高温回火为主。最后,作者对重载车用铌钛微合金钢发展方向进行了展望,对存在问题提出了一些解决思路。

Microalloying technology based on niobium and titanium is widely used in low alloy steel, which is expected to help to improve the performance of heavy-duty vehicle steel parts. The existing form, strengthening mechanism and precipitation law of niobium and titanium in automotive low alloy steel and the heat treatment process of castings are reviewed in this paper. Niobium and titanium mainly exist in the form of precipitated state in steel, and the precipitation strengthening is the main strengthening mode. Quenching and high temperature tempering are commonly used in the final heat treatment. Finally, the development direction of niobium-titanium microalloying steel for heavy-duty vehicles and some solutions to the existing problems are put forward.