尿常规检查对泌尿系结石患者的临床诊断价值

The clinical diagnostic value of urine routine test in patients with urinary calculi

目的评价尿常规检查对泌尿系结石的诊断价值。方法 200例泌尿系结石患者,根据结石类型不同分为A组(肾结石)、B组(膀胱结石)、C组(输尿管结石)、D组(尿道结石),每组50例。四组患者采用尿离心镜及尿干化学法进行尿常规检查。比较四组患者尿离心镜及尿干化学法的尿红细胞检出阳性率;比较四组患者尿离心镜法的草酸钙结晶检出阳性率。结果 A组、B组、C组、D组干化学法的尿红细胞检出阳性率分别为90.00%、88.00%、90.00%、88.00%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组、B组、C组、D组尿离心镜法的尿红细胞检出阳性率分别为80.00%、74.00%、78.00%、78.00%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组两种检验方法的尿红细胞检出阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组尿离心镜法的草酸钙结晶阳性率分别为72.00%、76.00%、70.00%、72.00%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论尿常规检验对泌尿系结石有明显的诊断价值,尿道结石、输尿管结石、膀胱结石、肾结石均有较高的草酸钙结晶检出阳性率与尿红细胞检出阳性率,临床可以通过尿常规进行准确诊断。

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of urine routine test in patients with urinary calculi. Methods A total of 200 patients with urinary calculi were divided into group A(kidney calculi), group B(bladder calculi), group C(ureter calculi), and group D(urethral calculi) according to different types of calculi, with 50 cases in each group. Four groups all received urine centrifuge and urine dry-chemical method for urine routine test. Comparison was made on positive rate of urine red blood cell detection by urine centrifugal microscopy and urine dry-chemical method, and the positive rate of calcium oxalate crystals by urine centrifuge in the four groups. Results The urine red blood cell detection by urine dry-chemical method of group A, group B, group C and group D were 90.00%, 88.00%, 90.00% and 88.00% respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The positive rate of urine red blood cell detection by urine centrifuge of group A, group B, group C and group D were 80.00%, 74.00%, 78.00% and 78.00%, and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in positive rate of urine red blood cell detection between the two test methods of group A, group B, group C and group D(P>0.05). The positive rates of calcium oxalate crystals in group A, group B, group C and group D were 72.00%, 76.00%, 70.00% and 72.00%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant(P> 0.05). Conclusion Routine urine test has obvious diagnostic value for urinary calculi. Urethral calculi, ureteral calculi, bladder calculi, and kidney calculi all have a high positive rate of calcium oxalate crystals and urinary red blood cells, so urine routine test can be clinically performed for accurate diagnosis.