氟硝西泮滥用及检测研究进展

Research Progresses on Abusing Flunitrazepam and Detection

具有镇静催眠作用的氟硝西泮曾在世界范围内被滥用,常被用于自杀、谋杀、迷奸、迷抢等案(事)件。近年其又成为俱乐部滥用药物之一。该药物在体内主要经肝脏代谢为7-氨基氟硝西泮和N-去甲基氟硝西泮,且7-氨基氟硝西泮的血药浓度常常大于血液中的母体药物浓度,大约90%的代谢产物经尿液排出,10%经粪便排出。目前报道的相关分析方法主要是对于血液、尿液、毛发、酒水饮品等检材经LLE、SPE、LPME等净化萃取后,采用毛细管电泳法、色谱法、质谱法及各种技术的联用,检测母体药物及相关代谢产物。本文对氟硝西泮的滥用、体内代谢以及样品的提取净化、仪器分析等进行总结,为相关案(事)件的办理提供参考。

Flunitrazepam,one kind of benzodiazepine-categorized drugs,is effectual of pharmacological sedation and hypnosis,yet being worldwide abused into suicide,murder,drugging to sexually assault and/or loot.In recent years,it has also become one of the popular nightclub drugs in conjunction of other drugs and particular the alcohol,resulting in prominent toxic effects of wide social concern.Flunitrazepam is almost completely metabolized through liver,having brought forth two major metabolites:7-aminoflunitrazepam and N-desmethylflunitrazepam.The 7-aminoflunitrazepam can greatly exceed the concentration of its unchanged parent drug in blood or plasma samples,leaving approximate 90%of its metabolites to be excreted through urine and the rest 10%into feces.The flunitrazepam and its metabolites can be detected from specimens of blood,plasma,urine,hair and others with various methods including capillary electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,chromatography and the combination of relevant techniques.GC-MS is a sensitive and specific choice for detection of flunitrazepam whose metabolites are yet required to derivatize prior to analysis.HPLC allows the simultaneous separation of flunitrazepam and its metabolites without prior derivatization,being highly recognized of its coupling with MS detection to result in better sensitivity and specificity than with UV detection.This paper summarizes flunitrazepam of its poisoning from abusing,metabolism in vivo,and the detection technologies about itself and metabolites,aiming to provide references for peers and investigation of relevant cases.