行政动员与社会吸纳:安置社区混合治理实践及其反思

Administrative Mobilization and Social Absorption: Practice of Mixed Governance in Resettlement Communities and Its Reflection

安置社区的过渡性特点决定了其治理事务数量远远多于农村社区和成熟的城市社区。为了维持安置社区的公共秩序,基层政府采取了行政动员和社会吸纳相结合的混合治理策略,具体包括对社区干部的行政化动员、对半正式精英的组织赋权以及对非正式积极分子的社会吸纳。混合治理不仅实现了技术治理与情感治理的叠加,同时又能完成对居民诉求的快速回应和现代公共规则的输入。混合治理结构匹配了安置社区处于传统与现代、农村与城市的二元过渡状态,决定了安置社区内部既有现代化的技术治理和社区行政化需求,又有熟人社会非正式治理规则的运用。但混合治理结构中由于行政动员过于强大,从而限制了社区自主性和居民自治性的发展。安置社区中的混合治理要重新塑造政府主导下市场和社会的参与边界,更大程度地发挥社区的自主性。

The transitional characteristics of resettlement communities determine that the amount of governance affairs in resettlement communities is much greater than that in rural communities and mature urban communities. In order to maintain the public order of the resettlement community,the community-level government has adopted a mixed governance strategy combining administrative mobilization and social absorption,which includes the administrative mobilization of community officials,the organizational empowerment of semi-formal elites and the social absorption of informal activists. Mixed governance not only realizes the accumulation of technical governance and emotional governance,but also achieves the quick response to residents’ demands and the input of modern public rules. The mixed governance structure matches the dual transition state of resettlement community,that is from traditional to modern,from rural to urban,which determines that there exist both the needs for modern technical governance and community administration and the application of informal governance rules in acquaintance society. However,the administrative mobilization in the mixed governance structure is so strong that it limits the development of community autonomy and residents’ self-governance. Mixed governance in resettlement community should reshape the participation boundary of market and society under the leadership of government,and give full play to community autonomy.