塑造—对称:“组有产权”村庄治理难题的一个解释框架

Shaping-Symmetry:An Explanatory Framework of Village Governance Problem of"Group-owned Property Rights"

学界关注到产权对农村治理的影响,但对于村组间纵向产权结构下的农村治理有待探讨。集体产权归村民小组所有是华南农村的普遍情况,调查发现这种"组有产权"村庄存在"软弱涣散"的治理难题。综合既有研究,提出"塑造—对称"理论,即在农村治理场域中,以责任为中介维续产权要素与治理要素的对称性。以"塑造—对称"理论为解释框架,将"组有产权"村庄的治理难题归因为:村组间产权单位与治理单位错位、行政村层面的"权责"不对称以及村民小组层面的"权责"不对称。对此,要以责任为抓手,强化"产权—责任—治理"间的勾连,通过深化党组织建设、设立责任机制、下移治理单位和健全监督体系等措施来解决难题。

The academic circles have noticed the influence of property right on rural governance,but the rural governance under the vertical property right structure among villages’groups also needs to be discussed.It is quite common in South China’s rural areas that collective property rights are owned by villagers’groups.The investigation found that the governance in these villages with"group-owned property rights"is weak and lax.Based on the existing research,this paper puts forward the theory of"Shaping-Symmetry",that is,in rural governance,the symmetry of property rights and governance elements is maintained through the intermediary of responsibility.Under the theory of"Shaping-Symmetry",the governance problems of villages with"group-owned property rights"are attributed to the dislocation of property rights units and governance units among villagers’groups,the asymmetry of rights and responsibilities at the administrative village level and at the villagers’group level.In this regard,we should take responsibility as the starting point,strengthen the link between property rights,responsibility and governance,and solve the problems by deepening the Party organization construction,establishing the responsibility mechanism,shifting the governance units and improving the supervision system.