双孢蘑菇浅筐成套生产装备设计与试验

Design and experiment of basket type complete production equipment for Agaricus bisporus

双孢蘑菇专业合作社或小型工厂化生产过程,培养料装料、铺料劳动强度大、效益差。浅筐成套生产装备是双孢蘑菇培养装料的新模式,设计专用浅筐装料,针对空筐拆筐、上料、拨料、压实、覆土、满筐码筐等作业环节,设计浅筐拆筐、码筐装置、拨料装置、覆土装置等,结合栽培技术确定该套装备相关参数,进行浅筐装料性能测试,并进行出菇对比试验。试验结果表明:设计的相关环节装置配合可靠、运行稳定,完成1垛浅筐装料和叉车转运时间为360 s;出菇试验表明,浅筐生产模式产量接近双孢蘑菇工厂化水平,培养料经过压实工艺,产量最高为16.6 kg/m 2,对比试验结果表明培养料经压实,单位质量培养料出菇质量增加0.009 kg,提高出菇产量和培养料转化率。

In the process of Agaricus bisporus professional cooperative or small-scale factory production,the labor intensity of loading and spreading materials is high,and the benefit is poor.The complete set of shallow basket production equipment is a new mode of Agaricus bisporus culture loading,and special shallow basket loading was designed.According to the operation links of empty basket dismantling,loading,material allocation,compaction,soil covering,full basket stacking and so on,the shallow basket dismantling,stacking,material allocation and soil covering devices were designed.Combined with the cultivation technology,the relevant parameters of the equipment were determined,the shallow basket loading performance was tested,and the mushroom production was compared.The test results show that the design of the relevant link devices is reliable and stable,and the loading time of 1 stack shallow baskets and the time of transshipment of forklifts are 360 s.The mushroom production experiment shows that the yield of basket production mode is close to the industrialized level.The highest yield of culture material is 16.6 kg/m 2 after compaction,which could improve the conversion rate by 0.009 kg per unit mass of culture material after compaction.