基于不同平台的小麦病虫害遥感监测研究进展

Recent advances in remote sensing monitoring on wheat pests and diseases based on different platforms

小麦病虫害的频发不仅会造成产量的巨大损失,病虫害防治农药的过度使用也会提高生产成本,增加农产品有毒残留的风险,而传统监测方法费时费力,具有主观性和滞后性。小麦病虫害遥感监测技术可实现快速、实时无损的监测,从而有针对性的提早防治病虫害。介绍作物病虫害光谱响应生理机制的基础上,重点从不同平台的角度入手概述近年来小麦病虫害遥感监测研究进展。最后提出目前遥感监测小麦病虫害尚存的问题,如对病虫害光谱特征的专属性认识不足、缺乏多种小麦病虫害危害类型的比较研究及病虫害监测模型普适性较差等,并探讨遥感在监测小麦病虫害方面的发展趋势,建议通过综合多时相遥感数据、建立小麦病虫害光谱库、构建全国性病虫害遥感监测信息服务系统以及加强国际间的交流与合作来进一步开展小麦病虫害的研究,从而实现小麦病虫害大面积、实时、科学有效的防控。

The frequent occurrence of wheat pests and diseases will not only cause huge losses in yield,but the excessive use of pest control pesticides will also increase production costs and increase the risk of toxic residues in agricultural products.Traditional monitoring methods are time-consuming,laborious,subjective and lagging.The remote sensing monitoring technology of wheat pests and diseases can realize rapid,real-time and non-destructive monitoring,so as to prevent and control pests and diseases early.Based on the introduction of the physiological mechanism of the spectral response of crop diseases and insect pests,it was mainly summarized the research progress of remote sensing monitoring of wheat diseases and insect pests in recent years from the perspective of different platforms.Finally,the remaining problems in remote sensing monitoring of wheat diseases and insect pests were put forward,such as insufficient knowledge of the specificity of the spectral characteristics of diseases and insect pests,lack of comparative studies on various types of wheat diseases and insect pests,and poor universality of pest monitoring models.It was discussed the development trend of remote sensing in monitoring wheat pests and diseases.It was recommended to further carry out research on wheat diseases and insect pests by integrating multi-temporal remote sensing data,establishing a wheat disease and insect pest spectrum library,building a national remote sensing monitoring information service system for diseases and pests,and strengthening international exchanges and cooperation,so as to achieve large-scale,real-time,scientifically effective wheat pests and diseases prevention and control.