面向增材制造的设计方法研究及展望

Research and prospect of the design method of additive manufacturing

增材制造(AM)技术以逐层加工的方式工作,在制造过程中可以改变材料分布和成分。因此,该技术在创新的形状设计、一体化设计、优化的拓扑结构和功能梯度材料等方面潜力巨大。这些特点可帮助设计者进行更好的工程设计,然而,现有的设计理论和方法不能充分考虑AM所提供的这些潜力。文中综述了近十年来用于AM的设计方法、设计规则与指南、使用该技术对传统产品进行优化设计方面的研究情况,同时,还讨论了增材制造技术未来的发展趋势。

The technology of additive manufacturing( AM) applies in a layer-wise fashion,which makes it possible to manipulate the material distribution and composition. Therefore,it has great potential in terms of innovative shape design,integrated design,optimized topological structure and functionally gradient materials. These features enable designers to make better designs of engineering.However,the current design theories and methods cannot fully consider the potential offered by AM. This article reviews the design methods,rules and guidelines for AM,as well as the research on the optimization design of traditional products by means of this technology. The future prospect of the additive-manufacturing technology is also explored.