基于变密度法的砂带磨床主轴架结构优化设计

Structural optimization of the belt grinding machine’s spindle frame based on the variable density method

主轴架振动性能对砂带磨床加工质量具有重要的影响,论文采用多级优化方法对主轴架进行结构优化设计。基于变密度法对主轴架进行拓扑优化设计,获取主轴架最佳拓扑结构;采用自适应响应面法对主轴架详细模型进行板厚尺寸优化,得到主轴架的最终优化方案,并对优化前、后主轴架的模态和谐响应进行对比分析。研究结果表明:优化后主轴架的固有频率明显提高,优化后基频比优化前提高了4.61倍,有效避开了驱动电机的激振频率;优化后主轴架的谐响应最大变形明显减小,最大位移最大值仅为原来的1.18%~1.52%。因此主轴架优化结果对提高砂带磨床加工质量具有重要意义。

Vibration performance of the spindle frame has an important impact on the processing quality of the belt grinding machine. In this article,the multi-level optimization is conducted on the spindle frame. By means of the variable density method,the spindle frame is subject to the topology optimization,in order to identify the optimal topological structure. The adaptive response surface method is adopted to optimize the thickness of the spindle frame’s detailed model,so as to work out the final optimization scheme. Then,the results of modal and harmonic response of the spindle frame before optimization and after optimization are compared. The results show that the natural frequency of the optimized spindle frame is obviously improved,and the fundamental frequency of optimized model improves by 4. 61 times,which effectively avoids the excitation frequency of the driving motor. The maximum distortion of the harmonic response of the spindle frame significantly reduces after optimization;the peak of maximum displacement is merely 1. 18% ~ 1. 52% of its counterpart before optimization. Therefore,these optimization results of the spindle frame are of great significance for improving the processing quality of the belt grinding machine.