汽车悬架性能检测系统6自由度车-台模型与试验研究

6-DOF vehicle-platform model of the automobile suspension performance testing system and the related experiment

汽车悬架性能检测受悬架参数、检测台结构及人为因素等影响。针对谐振式汽车悬架性能检测台,考虑汽车整轴左、右悬架参数对检测的相互影响,建立汽车悬架性能检测系统6自由度车-台模型。运用MATLAB软件进行仿真研究,采用吸收率作为悬架性能评价指标,研究左、右悬架同时检测与独立检测的区别,悬架刚度、阻尼、簧载质量、轮胎刚度对检测的影响,左、右悬架结构参数对性能检测的相互影响。仿真结果表明,同时检测与独立检测结果相差较小,检测吸收率可以判断悬架减震器的工作性能,左、右悬架结构参数对性能检测的相互影响可以忽略。实车试验研究车辆载荷、轮胎气压对检测性能的影响,试验结果与仿真结果相吻合,表明所建立的6自由度车-台模型可行,为同时检测汽车整轴悬架性能提供参考。

The performance test of automobile suspension is affected by suspension parameters,the testing bench’s structure and artificial factors. In this article,aiming at the resonant automobile suspension performance testing bench,a 6-degree-of-freedom( 6-DOF) vehicle-platform model is set up and the mutual influence of the parameters of the whole axle’s left and right suspension is taken into consideration. The Matlab software is used for simulation research. Absorptivity is taken as the performance evaluation index of suspension,so as to identify the difference between simultaneous testing and independent testing for the left and right suspension. Besides,efforts are made to explore the influence of suspension stiffness,damping,spring load mass and tire stiffness on the performance test,as well as the interaction of structural parameters of the left and right suspension in this field. The simulation results show that the difference between the results obtained from simultaneous testing and the results obtained from independent testing is minor. By means of the test absorption rate,the working performance of the suspension shock absorber is worked out,and the interaction between the structural parameters of the left and right suspension on the performance test can be ignored. The real-vehicle experiment focuses on the influence of vehicle load and tire pressure on the performance of the test. These experimental results are consistent with the simulation results,which indicates that the 6-DOF vehicle-platform model is feasible,which provides reference for simultaneous testing of the whole axle’s suspension performance.