Ras相关的C3肉毒素底物1在神经嵴细胞中的作用研究进展

Advances in the role of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 in neural crest cells

Ras相关的C3肉毒素底物1(Rac1)是Rho三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)酶家族的成员,具有GTP酶活性,是多种细胞信号转导过程中的"分子开关",可参与细胞迁移、黏附、增殖及凋亡等过程。Rac1可通过调控神经嵴细胞的肌动蛋白的聚合、膜突起的形成等过程影响神经嵴细胞的迁移,进而可能与先天性巨结肠、心脏流出道缺陷等神经嵴迁移异常的疾病有关。现就Rac1的主要生物学功能及其在肠神经嵴细胞发育机制中的研究进行综述。

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1(Rac1)is a member of the small Rho guanosine triphosphatase(GTPase)family,having GTPase activity and serving as a"molecular switch"in a variety of cell signal transduction processes.It is involved in cell migration,adhesion,proliferation and apoptosis.Rac1 can affect the migration of neural crest cells through regulating the actin polymerization of neural crest cells and the formation of membrane protrusions,possibly leading to disorders related to abnormal neural crest migration,such as congenital megacolon and cardiac outflow tract defects.In this article,the main biological functions of Rac1 and its role in the mechanism of ente-ric neural crest cell development were described.