老年脑白质疏松发病危险因素及对其认知功能的影响

Risk factors of senile leukoaraiosis and their influence on cognitive function

目的分析老年脑白质疏松发病的危险因素,并分析该疾病对患者认知功能的影响。方法选取100例老年脑白质疏松患者作为观察组,选取同期100例健康体检者作为对照组。比较两组的年龄、糖尿病、高血压、纤维蛋白原、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹血糖、总胆固醇,总结老年脑白质疏松发病的相关危险因素;并比较两组简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分。结果两组BMI、空腹血糖、总胆固醇水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组的平均年龄、糖尿病占比、高血压占比、纤维蛋白原水平分别为(76.82±1.34)岁、63.00%、82.00%、(4.23±1.45)g/L,均明显高于对照组的(71.13±1.36)岁、36.00%、58.00%、(3.11±0.78)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组MMSE评分(21.43±2.17)分、MoCA评分(22.87±1.29)分低于对照组的(28.45±2.11)、(28.17±1.20)分,差异有统计学意义(t=23.193、30.082,P<0.05)。结论老年脑白质疏松发病的危险因素较多,包括年龄、纤维蛋白原、高血压及糖尿病等,且该疾病会严重影响患者的精神状态及认知功能。因此,需加强临床诊断,结合患者主诉及疾病既往史,了解发病因素,并通过评估患者精神状态及认知功能,制定合理、科学,且有针对性的医治方案,进一步为患者生存质量的改善提供有效保障依据。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of senile leukoaraiosis and their influence on cognitive function.Methods There were 100 senile patients with leukoaraiosis selected as the observation group,and concurrent 100 healthy subjects as the control group.The age,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,fibrinogen,body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol of the two groups were compared.The related risk factors of senile leukoaraiosis were summarized.The scores of mini mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in BMI,fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol between the two groups(P>0.05).The average age,percentage of diabetes mellitus,percentage of hypertension,fibrinogen level of the observation group were(76.82±1.34)years old,63.00%,82.00%and(4.23±1.45)g/L,which were obviously higher than(71.13±1.36)years old,36.00%,58.00%and(3.11±0.78)g/L of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The MMSE score(21.43±2.17)points and MoCA score(22.87±1.29)points of the observation group were lower than(28.45±2.11)and(28.17±1.20)points of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=23.193,30.082;P<0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors for the onset of senile leukoaraiosis,including age,fibrinogen,hypertension and diabetes,and the disease will seriously affect the mental state and cognitive function of patients.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen clinical diagnosis,combine the main complaint of the patient and the past history of the disease,understand the pathogenic factors,and formulate a reasonable,scientific,and targeted treatment plan by evaluating the patient’s mental state and cognitive function,so as to further provide an effective basis for the improvement of patients’quality of life.