日本新冠疫情的社会影响与政策选择

The Social Impact and Policy Options of Japan's COVID-19 Pandemic

新冠病毒疫情对日本社会各个方面都产生了严重的影响。疫情防治本身就属于社会政策范畴。总体而言,日本作为东方国家所实施的防疫政策取得较好效果,但同时也存在着一些问题。相对宽松甚至曾经数度放缓的防疫政策使日本错过了疫情治理的最佳时机,因而导致疫情的长期化。实现经济复苏是日本政府关注的重点,规模空前的经济刺激政策与以防疫为主导的社会政策之间既有结合也存在矛盾。日本政治的变化具有长期的社会基础,新冠疫情的暴发与蔓延使其凸显出来。在新的国际格局条件下,日本面临着外交战略方向的重大选择。

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had an important impact on all aspects of Japanese society,and the prevention and control of the pandemic itself belongs to the field of social policy.In general,Japan,as an oriental country,has achieved relatively good results in its pandemic prevention policy,but also has some problems.The relatively loose and even once-slowing pandemic prevention policy made Japan miss the best time to deal with it,resulting in the long-term pandemic.In order to revitalize the economy,the Japanese government has implemented unprecedented economic stimulus policies,but there are both combinations and contradictions between these policies and social policies dominated by pandemic prevention.In addition,the change of Japanese politics has a long-term social foundation,and the spread of COVID-19 highlights it.Under the new international situation,Japan is faced with a major choice of external strategic direction.