辣椒青枯病罹病与健康植株根际土壤微生物群落多样性研究

Diversity Analysis of Soil Microbial Community in the Rhizosphere Soil of Bacterial Wilt-Diseased and Healthy Pepper Plants

系统研究和分析辣椒青枯病常发地发病与健康植株土壤微生物群落结构特征,为辣椒青枯病的绿色防治提供理论依据.基于16SrDNA基因高通量测序技术,对辣椒青枯病发病和健康植株根际土壤微生物群落结构和组成进行分析,同时采用biologyeco平板培养技术研究其土壤微生物群落代谢多样性和功能多样性的特征.结果表明,辣椒青枯病发病和健康植株根际土壤微生物群落组成之间存在显著差异,辣椒青枯病发病土壤的OTU为4566个,辣椒青枯病健康土壤的OTU为4167个.依据OTU所属细菌物种信息对土壤细菌群落结构进行分析,变形菌门在发病和健康土壤中均为优势细菌类群,其次为放线菌门类群.其中健康植株根际土壤中芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、装甲菌门(Armatimonadetes)的相对丰度比发病植株的分别高出了4.37,3.87倍,而发病植株根际土壤中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度比健康植株的高出了3.87倍.辣椒青枯病发病土壤和健康土壤的土壤微生物代谢多样性也存在显著差异,同时,健康土壤中其微生物群落代谢得到显著增强,特别是对酚类化合物的利用显著增多,对辣椒抗病性存在显著的影响.研究表明,辣椒青枯病发病和健康植株根际土壤微生物群落组成和结构之间存在显著差异,并且健康土壤的微生物群落对酚类化合物的利用显著增强.

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the green control of pepper bacterial wilt,a study was made in which the characteristics of soil microbial community structure of pepper bacterial wilt-affected and healthy pepper plants in the areas where this disease frequently occurs were systematically analyzed.Based on the 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology,the structure and composition of the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere of pepper bacterial wilt-diseased and healthy plants were compared,and the biology eco plate culture technology was used to study the characteristics of metabolic diversity and function diversityof the soil microbial community.A significant difference was detected between diseased plants and healthy plants in the composition of rhizosphere soil microbial community,the OTU(operational taxonomic unit)of the soil affected by pepper bacterial wilt being 4566,and that of the healthy soil being 4167.According to the bacterial species information of OTU,the soil bacterial community structure was analyzed.Proteobacteria were found to be the dominant bacterial groups in diseased and healthy soil,followed by Actinomycetes.Among them,the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Armatimonadetes in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was 4.37 and 3.87 times higher than that of diseased plants,respectively,while the relative abundance of Firmicutes was 3.87 times higher in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants than that of healthy plants.Significant differences also existed in the diversity of soil microbial metabolism between pepper bacterial wilt-affected soil and healthy soil.At the same time,the metabolism of the microbial community in healthy soil was found to be significantly enhanced,especially the use of phenolic compounds increased significantly,which hada significant impact on disease resistance of pepper plants.