美国后工业化初级阶段的转型及其对中国高质量发展的启示

Transformation in the Primary Stage of Post-Industrialization in the United Statesand Its Enlightenment to China’s High-quality Development

中国已迈入高质量发展阶段,从工业化阶段来看,属于后工业化初级阶段。通过对中美两国在经济产值、产业结构和制造业结构三个指标上的比较,以确定美国的后工业化初级阶段。在此基础上,总结美国向后工业化初级阶段转换的基本逻辑和条件,包括完善的交通信息基础设施、强大的制造业、庞大的市场需求规模和技术创新支撑。在继续梳理了美国“阳光地带”和“铁锈地带”在该阶段的转型成败经历后,提出中国向高质量发展阶段转型时应当注意的四个方面,即转型途径的多样化、现代化的交通信息基础设施、注重价值链而非简单的产业更替以及强化创新驱动的主导地位。

China has entered a stage of high-quality development,which,viewed from the perspective of industrialization,is the primary stage of post industrialization.Based on the comparison of three indicators between China and the United States,namely the economic output value,industrial structure and manufacturing structure,the present paper identifies the primary stage of post-industrialization in the United States and summarizes the basic logic and conditions for the transformation of the United States to the primary stage of post-industrialization,including a complete transportation information infrastructure,a powerful manufacturing industry,huge market demand scale and technological innovation support.After sorting out both the success and failure of the transformation in the“Sunshine Belt”and“Rust Belt”in the United States at this stage,this paper proposes four aspects worthy of attention for China at this stage,which is,diversification of transformation approaches,modern transportation information infrastructure,value chain rather than simple industrial replacement,and the emphasis on the leading role of innovation.