遗传经济学:理论、方法及其在经济学研究中的应用

Genoeconomics: Theories,Methods and Applications in Economic Research

个体经济行为的决策机制一直是经济学科的研究重点。遗传经济学是在传统经济学原理基础之上,运用现代遗传学方法分析人类社会经济行为特征的一门新兴交叉学科。通过梳理发现,遗传经济学的学术价值体现在四个主要方面:第一,遗传经济学是对人类行为决策研究由精神层面向物质层面的进一步拓展;第二,遗传经济学能够帮助识别和分离后天社会经济因素与先天禀赋因素对个体的影响;第三,遗传经济学能够帮助进行因果推断;第四,遗传经济学研究结论能够"反哺"自然科学研究。我国当前社会经济的进步与科学技术水平的提升,为遗传经济学研究发展既提出了现实需要,又创造了前提条件。本文为经济学界了解如何从基因角度揭示个体行为决策内在机制提供重要的理论框架和科学工具。

The individual decision-making mechanism has always been a research focus of economics. Genoeconomics is an emerging interdiscipline that utilizes modern genetic methods to analyze the characteristics of individual social and economic behavior on the basis of classical economic principles. Through relevant literature,this study concludes that the academic value of genoeconomics is mainly in four aspects: Firstly, genoeconomics is a further expansion of behavioral decision-making research from spiritual to material level. Secondly,genoeconomics can help identify and isolate the impacts of socioeconomic factors and genetic ones on individuals.Thirdly,genoeconomics helps identify causal relationship. Lastly,findings from genoeconomic research can conversely do good to natural sciences. China ’s current social,economic and technological progress provides practical need as well as condition for the development of genoeconomic studies. In sum,this paper offers an framework and scientific tool for economists to understand the decision-making mechanism from the perspective of gene.