广西宋代土东窑青瓷与青白瓷胎釉对比研究

A Comparative Study of Body and Glaze Between Celadon and Greenish White Porcelain in Tudong Kiln of Song Dynasty in Guangxi

土东窑是南宋时期广西武思江上游区域烧造青白瓷的主要窑口之一,瓷片堆积中以青白瓷和青瓷最为常见。为厘清土东窑青瓷与青白瓷的内在联系与区别,进而探讨宋代土东窑的制瓷工艺,本文利用真空法、热膨胀法、EDXRF及多元统计分析的方法对以上两类样品进行测试和分析。结果表明:土东窑青瓷吸水率较青白瓷低,胎质更细腻;青白瓷因胎中较高含量的Al_(2)O_(3)使其烧成温度比青瓷高;青瓷瓷胎和瓷釉中较高含量的Fe_(2)O_(3)是其胎色和釉色较青白瓷发青显绿的主要原因,而青白瓷瓷釉中更高含量的CaO是其釉面比青瓷更亮的重要因素;在制釉过程中,青瓷比青白瓷使用了更多的釉灰。

Tudong kiln was one of the main kilns for firing greenish white porcelain in the upper reaches of the Wusi River in Guangxi during the Southern Song Dynasty. Celadon porcelain and greenish white porcelain were the most common in the accumulation of porcelain pieces. In order to clarify the internal connection and difference between the two kinds of porcelain of Tudong kiln, and then discuss the porcelain making process of Tudong kiln in Song Dynasty, this paper uses vacuum method, thermal expansion method, EDXRF and multivariate statistical analysis to test and analyze the above two types of samples. The results show that the water absorption rate of Tudong kiln celadon is lower than that of greenish white porcelain, and the quality of the porcelain body is more delicate;greenish white porcelain has a higher firing temperature than celadon because of the higher content of Al_(2)O_(3) in the body. The higher content of Fe_(2)O_(3) in celadon porcelain body and glaze is the main reason for its fetal color and glaze to be greener than greenish white porcelain,and the higher content of CaO in greenish white porcelain glaze is an important factor that makes the glaze brighter than that of celadon. In the glaze making process, celadon uses more glaze ash than greenish white porcelain glaze.