中国儿童青少年维生素D营养状况的Meta分析

Vitamin D nutritional status in Chinese children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

目的系统评价中国儿童青少年维生素D营养状况。方法计算机检索CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、CBM和PubMed数据库,搜集有关中国儿童青少年维生素D水平的横断面研究,检索时限均由建库至2020年9月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 11.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入23个横断面调查,总样本量为38 047人。Meta分析结果显示,中国儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率为27.9%[95%CI(21.9%,33.8%)],不足率为31.6%[95%CI(25.7%,37.6%)]。亚组分析结果显示,女孩维生素D缺乏率高于男孩(25.3%vs. 22.5%),10-18岁儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率高于6-9岁(44.9%vs. 32.9%),北方儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率高于南方(36.1%vs. 14.8%),2015-2018年儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率高于2011-2014年(34.9%vs. 17.6%);城市儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率高于农村(29.9%vs. 24.9%)。结论当前证据显示,中国儿童青少年维生素D缺乏率较高。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。

Objective To systematically review vitamin D nutritional status among children and adolescents in China. Methods CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and PubMed databases were electronically searched to collect crosssectional studies on vitamin D nutritional status among children and adolescents in China from inception to September,2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Metaanalysis was then performed by using Stata 11.0 software. Results A total of 23 cross-sectional studies involving 38 047 total sample size were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the combined vitamin D deficiency rate was 27.9%(95%CI 21.9% to 33.8%), and the inadequate rate was 31.6%(95%CI 25.7% to 37.6%). Subgroup analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency rate of females was higher than that of males(25.3% vs. 22.5%). The vitamin D deficiency rate of children aged 10 to 18 was higher than those aged 6 to 9(44.9% vs. 32.9%). The vitamin D deficiency rate of children in the north was higher than that in south(36.1% vs. 14.8%). The vitamin D deficiency rate from 2015 to 2018 was higher than that from 2011 to 2014(34.9% vs. 17.6%). In addition, the vitamin D deficiency rate of urban children was higher than that of rural children(29.9% vs. 24.9%). Conclusions The incidence of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents is high in China. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.