珠江河口咸情变化形势及抑咸对策探讨

Changes of seawater invention situation in the Pearl River estuary and salinity reduction solutions

珠江河口咸潮防控对粤港澳大湾区水安全保障极为重要。目前,在来水偏枯、河道下切、海平面上升等因素的影响下,珠江河口咸潮发展态势不容乐观。通过分析珠江河口咸情新形势和新问题,针对流域、三角洲、河口,提出了建立特枯年份压咸流量保障应急方案、完善珠江河口本地供水体系、三角洲联围闸泵群“引、换、蓄、补”水量调度调蓄淡水,重视河口治理、研发河口阻咸技术、加强咸潮监测预警预报的对策,建立统筹流域、三角洲、河口的珠江河口咸潮“上补、中蓄、下阻”综合防控体系。

Salt tide prevention and control in the Pearl River estuary is crucial for water security of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The situation of seawater invention in the estuary is not optimistic,under the impacts of multiple factors of less water coming from upstream,undercutting of river course and sea level rise.Based on evaluation of the trend,an emergency plan is prepared in order to dilute salt by increasing flows in the extremely dry year,safeguard water supply in the delta by means of"diverting,exchanging,storing and replenishing"through joint operation of pumps.More attention should be paid on estuary restoration,technology development and monitoring and early warning system.An integrated system that increases water sources upstream,stores water in the middle reaches and prevents salt tide in the estuary should be built.