缅甸华人母语认同代际差异及成因

Generation Gaps and Motivations of the Burmese Chinese Identification with Native Language

缅甸华人母语认同代际差异表现在语言选择、语言水平、语言学习时段及途径、语言规划、对下一代的语言期望等五方面,并各具特点。其形成原因主要有:不同年龄段华裔的生存背景不同,导致母语学习需求和动机不同;家庭和学校教育在各时代发挥的母语传承作用不同,进而形成的母语认同模式不同;不同时期国家语言政策的指挥效用也不同。研究华人母语认同状况,应探求母语认同模式,充分发挥家庭教育与学校教育的配合作用;客观看待语言认同带来的民族认同新变化,利用地缘优势,为缅甸国内稳定的华文教育政策营造良好周边环境。多元文化背景下,海外华人母语与居住国通用语是可以共存并和谐发展的。

Generation gaps of the Burmese Chinese identification with native language are displayed in five different aspects,as language choice,language level,period and path of language learning,language planning,and expectation towards next generation’s language with different characteristics.In addition,there are three motivations.First,different living background of overseas Chinese with distinct ages results in the differences in the native language’s learning needs and motivations.Second,each generation’s native language inheritance can be differentiated in family education and school education,further resulting in different modes of native language’s identification.Last,national language policies are so unique that their functions are found distinctively in different eras.The study suggests that in order to study overseas Chinese identification with native language,the mode of identification with native language should be explored under the collaboration of education from family and school.Besides,the novel change of identification with the ethnic group resulting from language identification should be regarded objectively.Utilizing the regional advantage provides the stable Chinese language policy with a well-developed environment.Finally,the study shows that under multi-cultural environment,the native language of overseas Chinese and the common language of their residential country can be developed unanimously.