菠萝根系生长发育与地上部相关性研究

Correlation Between the Root and the Aerial Part of Pineapple

采用挖掘法,通过田间取样,研究菠萝根系生长发育与地上部的相关性。结果表明:在整个生育期内,菠萝根系干重呈慢—快—慢的变化曲线,与地上部相似;移栽后第202~394天为根系快速生长期,而地上部快速生长期则出现在第278至394天;营养生长和生殖生长后期菠萝根系干重分别占植株总干重的3.0%、2.9%,整个生育期内菠萝根冠比平均为0.034;根系干重与叶、茎、果柄以及地上部干重均呈显著正相关。根系干重与地上部干重线性拟合结果为:y=0.411+0.032x;根系干重与种植时间多项式拟合结果为:y=-0.0585x2-2.1527x-2.7702。因此,移栽后第202天至394天是根系干物质充实期,也是菠萝生长的关键时期,应加强管理,以促进根群建成;生产中可以通过地上部生长发育状况初步判断根系的生长发育进程,为根群构建措施的实施提供参考。

The roots and the aerial part of pineapple plants were sampled in the field,with the roots dug out,and the correlation between the roots and the aerial part of pineapple in the field were analyzed.The results showed that the dry weight of pineapple roots gave a slow-fast-slow curve during the whole growth period,which was similar to the aerial part.The rapid growth period of the roots occurred on days 202-394 after transplanting,while the rapid growth period of the aerial part appeared on days 278-394.The dry weight of the pineapple roots in the vegetative growth and reproductive growth stages accounted for 3.0%and 2.9%of the total dry weight of pineapple plants,respectively.The average root-to-crown ratio of pineapple was 0.034 during the whole growth period.The root dry weight was positively correlated with the dry weight of leaf,stem,fruit stalk and aerial part.The linear fitting results of root dry weight and the dry weight of the aerial part was y=0.411+0.032x,and the polynomial fitting results of root dry weight and planting time was y=-0.0585x2-2.1527x-2.7702.Therefore,202 to 394 days after transplanting are a period for enrichment of the root dry matter,which is also a critical period for the growth of pineapple.In production the growth and development process of the root system of pineapple can be judged by the growth and development status of the aerial part of pineapple,which provides reference for the implementation of measures for establishment of the root system.