江苏省句容市陈庄蝶类多样性及季节动态

Butterfly diversity and seasonal dynamics inChenzhuang, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province

随着城镇化的发展,城市及其周边的乡村绿地生境逐渐呈现破碎化,生物多样性因生境而发生变化。蝶类是最易受城镇化影响的群体之一,也是生物多样性研究中重要的保护类群。该研究采用线路调查法和直接计数法,在蝶类活跃期以定速对样线左右2—5 m、上方5 m范围所有蝶类种类和数量进行分析记录,以期对江苏省句容市陈庄不同季节蝶类群落的结构数量和多样性进行调查。共捕捉蝶类样本2562只,根据武春生分类法归类,共记录到蝶类5科43属63种。其中凤蝶科5属13种,占20.63%;粉蝶科4属8种,占12.70%;蛱蝶科18属26种,占41.27%;灰蝶科11属11种,占17.46%;弄蝶科5属5种,占7.90%。蝶类优势种以宽边黄粉蝶、菜粉蝶、黄钩蛱蝶、酢浆灰蝶等蝶类类型为主。碎斑青凤蝶、灰绒麝凤蝶等蝶类类型数量偏低。不同季节蝶类属数、种数、多样性指数以及均匀度指数大小均为:秋季>夏季>春季,优势度指数为春季>夏季>秋季。通过调查,弄清了陈庄蝶类物种多样性现状,并对陈庄农业景观蝶类资源保护管理提出建议。

With the development of urbanization,the rural green space habitats are gradually fragmented,and the biodiversity changes due to the habitats.Butterflies are one of the most vulnerable groups affeited by urbanization and they are also an important conservation group for biodiversity research.Line transects method and direct counting method were used to investigate the structure and diversity of butterfly communities in different seasons in Chenzhuang,Jurong City,Jiangsu Province.We analyzed and recorded all betterfly species and number at fixed speed in the range of 2—5 m around the line transetc and 5 m above the line.A total of 2562 butterfly samples were captured.Totally 63 species belonging to 43 genera,5 families were recorded according to Wu Classification Method.Among them,there were 13 species of 5 genera,Papilionidae(accounted for 20.63%),8 species of 4 genera,Pieridae(12.70%),26 species of 18 genera,Nymphalidae(41.27%),11 species of 11 genera,Lycaenidae(17.46%),and 5 species of 5 genera,Hesperiidae(7.90%).Eurema hecabe,Pieris rapae,Polygonia caureum and Pseudozizeeria maha were found as main dominant species.The number of butterflies such as Graphium chironides and Byasa mencius were less than the other species.The number of genus,species,diversity index and evenness index of butterflies were shown more in autumn than in summer,least in spring.The dominance index was shown in such an order as spring>summer>autumn.