基于砂轮磨损参数的立铣刀后刀面磨削轨迹补偿算法

Algorithm for Flank Grinding Track Compensation of End Mill Based on Wheel Wear Parameter

整体立铣刀后刀面通常采用数控工具磨床按照理想砂轮形状的运动轨迹进行磨削加工,然而在实际磨削过程中,砂轮参与磨削的区域(主要是砂轮边缘轮廓)会逐渐磨损,从而导致后刀面几何精度下降甚至轮廓错误。针对该问题,本文提出了基于砂轮磨损参数的整体立铣刀后刀面磨削轨迹补偿算法。首先,针对立铣刀后刀面磨削工艺,定义了磨削坐标系,推导了砂轮在磨削工艺参数下的姿态计算模型;其次,建立了针对砂轮轮廓磨损的结构参数定义;最后,基于上述模型和参数定义,推导了砂轮磨损状态下的磨削轨迹补偿坐标计算方法,保证了后刀面结构的完整和准确。通过磨削仿真和实际加工试验,对磨损砂轮的补偿效果进行对比测试。结果表明,所提出的砂轮轨迹补偿算法可以有效减少砂轮磨损对后刀面磨削加工的影响,对减少砂轮修整次数和提高磨削质量稳定性有重要意义。

Generally,the flank face of an end mill is ground by CNC tool grinder in accordance with the movement track of the ideal wheel shape.However,in the actual grinding process,the grinding area involved in grinding,especially the edge contour of the wheel,will gradually wear down,resulting in the decrease of the geometric accuracy of the flank face and even the wrong contour.In order to solve this problem,a grinding track compensation algorithm based on wheel wear parameters is proposed.Firstly,the coordinate systems are defined for the grinding process of the flank face,and the attitude calculation model of the grinding wheel under the grinding process parameters is derived.Secondly,the definition of structural parameters for wheel profile wear is established.Finally,based on the above model and parameter definition,the calculation method of grinding trajectory compensation coordinates under the grinding wheel wear condition is derived to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the structure of the flank face.Through grinding simulation and actual machining test,the compensation effect of worn grinding wheel is compared.The results show that the proposed grinding wheel trajectory compensation algorithm can effectively reduce the influence of wheel wear,and is of great significance to reduce the dressing times of the grinding wheel and improve the grinding quality stability.