古代科举考试作弊防范对当前高校防弊措施与考试制度的几点启示

Measures to Prevent Cheating on Exams and Today's Examination System of Higher Education——Several Inspirations Drawn from the Cheating Prevention Measures of Imperial Examinations in Ancient China

中国古代科举考试以“为国求才、明经取士”为目的,以公正、公平、公开的方式在民间选拔人才予以任用,这种制度在华夏大地绵延了十三个世纪之久,这自然有着它赖以生存的基础及原因。有人把科举誉为中国古代的第五大发明,足以说明科举在中国历史发展进程中的影响力。科举考试以民间选才为主要途径,体现了封建社会勇于革新、追求公平公正的价值观念。本文主要分析了科举考试作弊方法与举措,对科举考试防弊措施与当前高校防范考试作弊对策进行分析研究,并就科举考试防弊措施对当代高校考试制度的几点启示提出了建议。

The imperial examinations in ancient China was designed to,in a fair,just and open way,select the best potential candidates among ordinary people to serve as administrative officials,for the purpose of recruiting them for the state's bureaucracy.Such an examination system lasted for 13 centuries in the country,so it must had its foundations and reasons that kept it moving forward.Some have praised the imperial examinations as the fifth Great Invention in Ancient China,which has well explained how much influence does the imperial examination have on China's course of history.The imperial examination selected talents mainly among ordinary people,which reflected that the feudal society had the courage to innovate and to pursue fairness and justice.The thesis firstly analyzes the usual ways to cheat on imperial examinations and the countermeasures taken back then,then makes a further analysis of the measures taken by today's universities and colleges against cheating on exams and by ancient China,and at last,based on the inspirations drawn from the cheating prevention measures adopted on imperial examinations,puts forward some effective advice on the examination system of today's high education.