抗生素开发现状及策略

Current situation and strategies of novel antibiotic research and development

耐药菌感染严重威胁着人类的生命健康,给后抗生素时代新抗生素开发带来极大挑战。本文回顾抗生素的曲折发展历史,总结了抗生素开发研究面临的严峻现状及其原因,分析了抗生素研发的不足并提出开发建议。作者认为新抗生素开发可以从三方面展开研究:一是重视抗菌药物的耐药机制研究、针对其耐药靶点开发新抗生素,二是充分利用大数据、组学和AI等新技术的进步、开展组合生物合成、增加获得新抗生素的途径,三是加大新复方抗生素研发力度,针对适应症、致病菌和使用者的差异性开发新型复方抗生素。呼吁学界、业界和政府部门在实施抗生素发展新策略时,能够充分发挥各自的优势,共同促进新时期新抗生素研究开发,为临床抗击耐药菌感染提供强有力的支持。

The infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria is threatening the survival and development of human beings,which brings serious challenges to the development of new antibiotics in the post antibiotic era.This article reviews the tortuous development history of antibiotics,summarizes the grim situation and reasons of antibiotic development and research,and puts forward some suggestions for the development of novel antibiotics.The author suggest that the research and development of novel antibiotics can be carried out in three aspects:first,people should pay attention to the research of drug resistance mechanism of antibiotics and develop new antibiotics according to their drug resistance targets;second,people should make full use of the progress of new technologies such as big data technology,omics technology,combinatorial biosynthesis of antibiotics and AI,so as to increase the access to novel antibiotics;third,people should increase investment to develop new compound antibiotics for the differences of indications,pathogens and patients.The authors call on the academic community,industry and government departments to give full play to their respective advantages when implementing the new strategy of antibiotic development,jointly promote the research and development of new antibiotics in the new era,and provide strong support for the clinical fight against drug-resistant bacteria infection.