多元场域下的审美配置:从个体出发反思区隔与符号暴力

The Aesthetic Disposition in Multiple Fields:Reflections on Partition and Symbolic Violence from the Individual Perspective

审美配置概念出现在布迪厄的区隔论中,是作为为纯粹美学祛魅的社会学工具被提出的。审美配置是指个体在社会影响的潜移默化中所形成的审美倾向,在区隔论中,塑造个体审美配置的是维护静态阶层划分的教育体系,这种理论话语中的个体配置是极为单调地彰显阶级地位的身份标签。但是,在多项社会调研结果中表明,审美配置的复杂形态并不完全符合僵硬的阶层区隔,其形成因素很大程度上取决于丰富多元的文化场域。所以,对审美配置的研究可以增强习性论与场域论之间的联系,以及文化消费与文化生产两种逻辑话语的联系,以获得文化研究的整体性视野。文章主要是对审美配置与多元场域的具体联系,以及审美配置与个体的深层关系进行深入探讨。并且,通过对多元场域下的审美配置问题的探寻也可以重新审视当下社会文化建制的复杂结构,结合当下的文化生态更切实地思考区隔与符号暴力问题。

The concept of aesthetic disposition which appeared in Bourdieu’s theory of partition was proposed as a sociological tool to disenchant pure aesthetics.The aesthetic disposition refers to the aesthetic tendency formed by the imperceptible influence of individuals in society.In the division theory,the educational system that maintains the static class division is used to shape the aesthetic disposition of individuals;while the individual configuration in this theory discourse is the identity label which shows the class status monotonously.However,as shown in the results of a number of social surveys,the complex form of aesthetic configuration does not completely conform to the rigid class division,and its forming factors largely depend on the rich and diverse cultural field.Therefore,the study of aesthetic configuration can strengthen the connection between habit theory and field theory,as well as the connection between the two logical discourses of cultural consumption and cultural production,so as to obtain a holistic view of cultural studies.This paper mainly discusses the specific relationship between the aesthetic configuration and the multiple fields,as well as the profound relationship between the aesthetic configuration and individuals.Moreover,through the exploration of aesthetic allocation under the multiple fields,we can also re-examine the complex structure of the current social and cultural structure,and consider the issue of partition and symbolic violence more practically in combination with the current cultural ecology.