基于无人机多视角摄影技术构建城市仿真三维模型应用方法

Application of UAV multi-view photography technology in construction of urban true 3D model

近年来,倾斜摄影测量技术在智慧城市方面得到了广泛的应用。本文利用一种重叠率较高的倾斜航空影像,进行光束区域网平差计算,自动匹配映射纹理。针对航空倾斜摄影像因尺度变化较大、遮挡严重和几何校正偏差较大而引起同名点匹配不精确的问题,应该充分利用POS数据、在飞机获取的原始数据和光束法平差的基础上,实现多视角摄影技术进行城市仿真三维模型的构建、三维信息的提取和高精度测量。其中,以成都市作为实验区域,使用X-8固定翼无人机和DJ-3数码相机获取试验区倾斜影像,并对空三模型计算结果进行验证分析,通过多视角影像数据的空间匹配和纹理的映射分析,完成对试验区高精度的真三维模型的快速构建与三维信息的提取。最后,利用外业采集的16个具有特征检验点对模型成果进行平面和高程的精度验证。结果表明,模型成果满足相关规范的精度要求,并且适用范围较大,为"互联网+智慧城市"建设提供重要的数据支持。

In recent years, tilt photogrammetry technology has been widely used in smart cities.In this paper, a tilted aerial image with high overlap rate is used to adjust the beam area network and automatically match the mapping texture.Aiming at the problem of inaccurate matching of the same name points caused by large scale change, serious occlusion and large geometric deviation of tilted aerial images, this paper realizes the construction of true three-dimensional model of city and the extraction of three-dimensional information by multi-view photography technology based on POS data, original data acquired by aircraft and beam adjustment, and high precision measurement.Taking Chengdu as the experimental area, the X-8 fixed-wing UAV and DJ-3 camera are used to acquire the tilt image of the experimental area, and the results of the three-dimensional model are verified and analyzed.Through the spatial matching and texture mapping of the multi-view image data, the fast construction and three-dimensional information of the high-precision true three-dimensional model of Chengdu are completed.Finally, the accuracy of plane and elevation of the model results are validated by using 16 checkpoints with characteristics collected in the field.The results show that the model results meet the accuracy requirements of relevant specifications, and can be applied in wide fields, which provides important data support for the construction of smart cities.