《鲁滨逊漂流记》的中国现当代接受研究

A Study on the Acceptance of Robinson Crusoe in Modern and Contemporary China

清末民初,中国处于内外交困的社会转型期。学者译介《鲁滨逊漂流记》,旨在开启民智、改造国民性,力图解决社会问题。自20世纪90年代以后,中国掀起复译《鲁滨逊漂流记》的热潮,同时大量西方文艺理论涌入国内。《鲁滨逊漂流记》在现当代中国的接受,读者群体范围广,但其影响较之西方世界明显不够深入;相关研究数量繁多,但似乎缺乏译介初期那般强烈的问题意识与现实意义。《鲁滨逊漂流记》在近现代中国接受失衡的原因,一方面与清末民初引入域外小说时,将其视为革命宣传工具的态度有关,另一方面与中国读者对西方冒险小说的接受态度有关。

During the transition from Qing dynasty to the Republic of China,China was trapped in the dilemma which brought by various domestic and international crises.The translation of Robinson Crusoe by scholars aimed at opening up the people’s wisdom,transforming the national nature and trying to solve social problems.Since the 1990s,there has been a great upsurge in the re-translation of Robinson Crusoe in China,and a large number of western literary theories have flooded into China.Robinson Crusoe has been accepted by a wide range of readers in modern and contemporary China,but its influence is obviously not deep enough compared with that in the western countries.Even there are many related studies,which seem to lack the strong problem consciousness and practical significance in the early stage of translation and introduction.The reasons for the unbalanced acceptance of Robinson Crusoe in modern China are related to the attitude of regarding it as a revolutionary propaganda tool when introducing foreign novels in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,and as well the accepting attitude of Chinese readers towards western adventure novels.