碳氮比对葡萄冬季修剪废弃物堆肥效果的影响

Effect of Carbon-nitrogen Ratio on the Composting Effect of Grape Pruning Waste in Winter

为了研究碳氮比对葡萄冬季修剪废弃物的堆肥效果,以设施种植的夏黑葡萄冬季修剪枝条为试材,设置了C/N为15、20、25、30、35等5个处理,测定了堆肥温度、总有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾等营养指标以及蛋白酶、脲酶、纤维素酶、硝酸还原酶和蔗糖酶等酶活性指标。结果表明:C/N 30和C/N 35两个处理堆肥温度超过50℃的时间最长,均为11 d;C/N 25和C/N 30碳转化率更高,分别为22.54%和20.55%;C/N 30可以显著提高堆肥前期的积温,为堆肥创造较好的高温环境;相关性分析表明,蛋白酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性与总有机碳、全氮和C/N具有更显著的相关性,能更好的反应堆肥效果,可以作为堆肥进程生化指标。综合评价,以C/N为30的葡萄冬季修剪废弃物堆肥效果最佳。

To study the compost effect of carbon-nitrogen ratio on grape winter pruning waste,Winter pruning branches of summer black grape planted in facility were used as test materials,C/N were set up with 5 treatments which was 15、20、25、30、35,Nutrient indexes such as compost temperature,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium,and enzyme activities such as protease,urease,cellulase,nitrate reductase and sucrase were determined.The results showed that,C/N 30 and C/N 35 treatments had the longest time of compost temperature over 50℃,both of which were 11d.The carbon conversion rates of C/N 25 and C/N 30 were 22.54%and 20.55%,respectively.C/N 30 could significantly increase the accumulated temperature in the early stage of compost and create a better high temperature environment for compost.Correlation analysis showed that the activities of protease,urease and nitrate reductase were more significantly correlated with total organic carbon,total nitrogen and C/N,which could better reflect the composting effect and could be used as biochemical indexes in the composting process.According to the comprehensive evaluation,C/N 30 compost had the best effect.