蓝藻多糖的食药特性和应用研究进展

Edible and medicinal properties of cyanobacterial polysaccharides and the application research progress

蓝藻是地球上最重要的初级生产者之一,也是重要的生物资源。有些蓝藻在我国具有悠久的食用历史,比如发状念珠藻。蓝藻能合成多种生物活性物质,具有抑菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎症、抗病毒和免疫调节等功能,并在食品、医药、农业、环保和化妆品领域具有广泛的应用。多糖是蓝藻最主要的代谢产物之一,它本身结构复杂、性质多样,决定了其具有多样化的功能。本文对蓝藻多糖的制备过程、生物活性以及应用研究的进展进行综述,以期更好地开发和利用其食药用价值。

Cyanobacteria are one of the most important primary producers on the earth and serve as important biologi⁃cal sources.Some cyanobacteria have a long history as edible foods in China,such as Nostoc flagelliforme.Cyanobacte⁃ria can synthesize a variety of bioactive substances,possessing multiple functions,such as bacteriostat,antioxidation,anti⁃tumor,anti⁃inflammation,anti⁃virus,and immunomodulation.These substances can be widely applied in the fields of food,medicine,agriculture,cosmetics and environmental protection.The polysaccharides are one of their main metabo⁃lites.The polysaccharide itself has complex structures and diverse properties,which determine its functional diversities.This review summarizes the preparation process,biological activity,and application research progress of cyanobacterial polysaccharides,with the aim to better exploit their edible and medicinal values.