提高衣康酸产量的代谢工程育种研究进展

Research progress of metabolic engineering breeding to improve itaconic acid production

衣康酸(itaconic acid,IA)是一种白色结晶状的不饱和二元羧酸,它是化学和制药工业中许多相关化合物的前体,被广泛应用于树脂、塑料、胶乳和超吸附剂等的工业生产中。与化学法生产衣康酸相比,生物法具有原料来源广泛,生产过程能耗低,不污染环境等优点。介绍了衣康酸合成的生物代谢途径,以及在野生型宿主和异源宿主中生产衣康酸和提高衣康酸产量的生物技术,为今后开展利用生物技术生产衣康酸的研究提供参考。

Itaconic acid(IA),also known as methylene succinic acid,is a white crystalline unsaturated dicarboxylic acid.It is the precursor of many related compounds in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries,and widely used in the industrial production of resins,plastics,latexes and superabsorbents.Compared with chemical production of itaconic ac⁃id,biotechnology has the advantages of a wide range of raw materials,low energy consumption in the production pro⁃cess,and no environmental pollution.In order to provide a reference for future research on itaconic acid production by bio⁃technology,the biometabolic pathway of itaconic acid synthesis is introduced,and the biotechnologies to produce itaconic acid in wild⁃type hosts and heterologous hosts and increase the production of itaconic acid are reviewed.