观赏凤梨杂交育种与无菌播种技术

Study on hybrid breeding and aseptic sowing of ornamental pineapple

为探讨观赏凤梨的杂交育种及无菌播种技术,以16个观赏凤梨品种作为育种材料,根据育种目标,选择花色、叶形、株形、抗逆性等性状优良的亲本开展杂交育种研究.结果表明,莺歌属间的杂交较容易成功,结实率为40.0%~60.0%,25个杂交组合中,以V.‘Melottle’×V.‘Como’的结实率最高;种子萌芽诱导的最佳培养基为1/2 MS+0.5 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.4 mg·L^(-1) NAA+30 g·L^(-1)糖+7.5 g·L^(-1)琼脂;最佳壮苗生根培养基为1/2MS+0.1 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)IBA+0.2 g·L^(-1)蛋白胨+80 g·L^(-1)土豆泥+30 g·L^(-1)蔗糖+7.5 g·L^(-1)琼脂,组培苗生长健壮,平均根长2.65 cm,根数4.35条.

In order to explore the crossbreeding and aseptic seeding technology of ornamental pineapple,16 ornamental pineapple varieties were selected as breeding materials,and parents with good characters such as flower color,leaf shape,plant shape and stress resistance were selected according to the breeding objectives.The results showed that the cross between Vriesea was easy to succeed,and the seed setting rate was 40.0%-60.0%.Among the 25 cross combinations,the seed setting rate of V.′melody′×V.′Como′was the highest,reaching60.0%.The best medium for seed germination induction was 1/2 MS+0.5 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.4 mg·L^(-1) NAA+30 mg·L^(-1) sugar+7.5 mg·L^(-1) agar;the best rooting medium is 1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.5 mg·L^(-1) IBA+0.2 g·L^(-1) peptone+80 g·L^(-1) mashed potato+30 g·L^(-1) sucrose+7.5 g·L^(-1) agar,the growth of tissue culture seedlings is robust,the average root length is 2.65 cm,the number of roots is 4.35.