河南省新安县郁山林区土壤速效养分分析

Analysis of soil available nutrients in Yushan forest area of Xin'an County,Henan Province

以河南省新安县郁山林区为研究对象,利用野外采样结合室内分析,系统的测定了土壤pH值、铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾四项指标。按照全国第二次土壤普查分级标准,依次对土壤养分指标进行分项评价和综合评价,并采用改进的内梅罗综合指数法分析土壤肥力水平。结果表明:郁山林区土壤pH值变幅范围是5.70-8.77,符合北方土壤特性,基本适合林业的发展。土壤铵态氮含量变幅范围是43.43-105.70 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数21.03%,属于低水平(4级)。土壤速效磷含量变幅范围是13.45-54.35 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数30.22%,属于较高水平(2级)。土壤速效钾含量变幅范围是58.67-93.36 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数13.18%,属于低水平(4级)。土壤综合养分指数为1.63,变异系数51.10%,属于土壤养分综合评价等级分类标准的3级,土壤养分肥力程度一般。因而建议今后在林区的管理中施加氮肥和钾肥,平衡土壤养分,实现林业可持续发展。

Taking Yushan forest area in Xin'an County of Henan Province as the research object,four indexes of soil pH value,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were determined systematically by means of field sampling and indoor analysis.According to the grading standard of the second National Soil Census,the soil nutrient indexes were evaluated separately and comprehensively,and the improved Nemero comprehensive index method was used to analyze the soil fertility level.The results showed that:The variation range of soil pH value in Yushan forest area was 5.70-8.77,which was consistent with the characteristics in the northern soil,and was basically suitable for the development of forestry.The variation range of soil ammonium nitrogen content was 43.43-105.70 mg·kg^(-1),and the coefficient of variation was 21.03%,which belonged to low level(grade 4).The variation range of soil available phosphorus content was 13.45-54.35 mg·kg^(-1),and the coefficient of variation was 30.22%,which belonged to a high level(grade 2).The variation range of soil available potassium content was 58.67-93.36 mg·kg^(-1),and the coefficient of variation was 13.18%,which belonged to low level(grade 4).The comprehensive index of soil nutrients was 1.63,and the coefficient of variation was 51.10%,which was the third grade of the comprehensive nutrient level and soil fertility was general.Therefore,it is suggested that nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be applied in forest management in the future to balance soil nutrients and achieve sustainable development of forestry.