生物保护视角下乡村景观生态安全格局构建—以山西省临汾市汾西县永安镇后加楼村为例

Construction of rural landscape ecological security pattern from the perspective of biological protection-a case study of Houjialou Village,Yong'an Town,Fenxi County,Linfen City,Shanxi Province

近年来随着乡村快速发展,乡村景观格局发生了巨大改变,同时对生物生境产生了严重威胁,如何以景观的视角对村落动物栖息地进行识别并保护是村落生态安全格局构建中的重要问题。选取山西省临汾市汾西县永安镇后加楼村作为研究对象,通过MCR模型构建代表种运动阻力面,把单一物种阻力面叠加,运用回溯成本栅格判别生态廊道和生态节点,依此构建研究区动物保护安全格局。结果显示:(1)研究区生态源地面积74.25 hm^(2),占研究区面积28.17%,主要由林地和草地组成;(2)研究区景观格局分为核心区、缓冲区、控制区3个层级,分别占比41.64%、65.56%和76.88%;(3)识别生态廊道10条,生态节点6个,合理优化研究区土地格局对维护村域生态安全尤为重要。本研究可为今后村域生态保护和规划提供新的思路。

In recent years,with the rapid development of the countryside,the landscape pattern of the countryside has changed greatly,and at the same time,it has seriously threatened the biological habitat.How to identify and protect the animal habitat of villages from the perspective of landscape is an important issue in constructing the ecological security pattern of villages.Houjialou Village,Yong'an Town,Fenxi County,Linfen City,Shanxi Province was selected as the research object,and the MCR model was selected to construct the movement resistance surface of representative species.The movement resistance surface of a single species was superimposed,and the ecological corridor and ecological node were identified using the backtracking cost grid to establish a security pattern for animal protection in the study area.The results showed:(1)The ecological source area of the study area was 74.25 hm^(2),which accounted for 28.17%of the study area,mainly composed of woodland and grassland.(2)The landscape pattern of the study area was divided into three levels:core area,buffer area and control area which respectively accounted for 41.64%,65.56%and 76.88%.(3)With 10 ecological corridors and 6 ecological nodes being identified,it was significant to optimize the land pattern to maintain the ecological security of the village.This study can provide innovative ideas and directions for future research of countryside ecological protection and planning.