中医疫病发病与地域因素的相关性探究

A TCM study on the correlation between epidemic disease occurrence and regional factors

《黄帝内经》已经认识到疾病的发生具有明显的地域性,其以五方之域的不同地理特点分析易于产生的疾病,并确立了相应的治疗方法,开启了地域医学的肇端。温病与疫病的发生,有着明显的地域性。先秦至晋唐时期,温病和疫病主要分布于黄河中下游地区;宋金元时期,则由以黄河流域为中心转为以长江流域为中心;明清时期,更形成了主要以江苏、浙江为主的分布特点;此外山东、安徽、湖南、湖北、江西、广东等地区也成为了温病和疫病的好发地。所谓一方水土养一方人,梳理历代有关温病学和疫病学的相关理论及专著的地域分布,探究各历史时期疫病发生与地域因素的相关性,可以为挖掘各局部地域发病规律及特点,建立可预测、可预防、个体化的中医疫病预警模型提供文献支撑。

Huangdi Neijing has recognized that the occurrence of diseases has obvious regional characteristics.Based on the different geographical characteristics of the five regions,it analyzes the diseases that are prone to occur,establishes the corresponding treatment methods,starting the regional medicine.The occurrence of febrile diseases and epidemic diseases has obvious regional characteristics.From the pre-Qin to the Jin and Tang Dynasties,the febrile and epidemic diseases were mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.During the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,the center was shifted from the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Jiangsu and Zhejiang were the main areas of their distribution.In addition,Shandong,Anhui,Hunan,Hubei,Jiangxi,Guangdong and other provinces have also become the hot spots of febrile and epidemic diseases.As the saying goes“Each place has its own way of supporting its own inhabitants”,combing through the regional distributions introduced in related theories and monographs on febrile disease and epidemics in the past,and exploring the correlation between the occurrence of epidemics and regional factors in each historical period can provide literature support for mining the local incidence rules and characteristics,establishing a predictable,preventable and individualized TCM epidemic early warning model.