地膜源头减量化技术可行路径探讨

The Plastic Film Source Reduction Technology: Feasible Path Discussion

为了有效减少地膜投入和减轻地膜残留,本研究分析了国内农用地膜应用现状,归纳了地膜源头减量化技术可行路径。指出地膜覆盖具有"覆膜面积大、应用区域广、覆盖作物多"的特点,地膜残留具有"时限积累性、区域差异性、分布多态性"的特征。认为旧膜重复利用、生物降解地膜替代、秸秆覆盖技术替代、保水剂施用、耕作栽培模式优化等5类技术在地膜减量投用方面具有一定可行性,但需进一步研究总结和配套完善。建议集成减量技术、减量产品和减量模式,构建综合配套应用体系是地膜源头减量化技术路径的发展方向。

In order to effectively reduce plastic film input and alleviate plastic film residue, the present domestic application status of agricultural plastic film is analyzed, and the feasible path of plastic film source reduction technology is discussed in this study. It is pointed out that the plastic film has the characteristics of"large mulching areas, and wide application to regions and crops", and the plastic film residue has the characteristics of"time limit accumulation, regional difference, and distribution variation". It is considered that five types of technologies have certain feasibility in plastic film reduction, such as reusing of old film,replacement with biodegradable plastic film, replacement with straw mulching, application of super absorbent polymer, and optimization of farming cultivation pattern, but the technologies need to be further studied and improved. It is suggested that a comprehensive application system should be constructed by integrating reduction technologies, products and patterns, which is the future development path of plastic film source reduction technology.