施氮量对烟后苦荞产量及植株养分吸收量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Plant Nutrient Uptake of Tartary Buckwheat After Flue-cured Tobacco

以‘云荞1号’苦荞为材料,在烤烟收获后种植,研究不同施氮量对苦荞产量及养分吸收量的影响,旨在筛选出适合其在玉溪种植的最佳施氮量。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,苦荞产量表现出先增加后降低的趋势,生育期随之延长,株高随之增高;主要农艺性状和产量构成因素差异不显著,但施氮量为225 kg/hm^(2)主茎节数、一级分枝最多,单株粒数、单株粒重等产量构成因素较好,获得较高产量(2900 kg/hm^(2)),较CK增产720 kg/hm^(2),增产率33.03%。苦荞养分吸收量方面,随着施氮量的增加,全株吸收氮量呈现出先增加后减低的趋势,吸收磷和钾量变化趋势与氮一致,并以施氮量为225 kg/hm^(2)的植株养分吸收量最高,其次是施氮量为150 kg/hm^(2)。因此,在该试验条件下,最佳施氮量为150~225 kg/hm^(2),不但产量高,而且植株养分吸收量大。

The effects of nitrogen application on yield and plant nutrient uptake of planting tartary buckwheat variety‘Yunqiao No.1’after flue-cured tobacco harvest were studied to select the best nitrogen application level in Yuxi.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application,the yield increased first and then decreased,the growth period was prolonged and the plant height was increased.There was no significant difference in major agronomic characters and yield components.However,the nitrogen application amount of 225 kg/hm^(2) had the largest main stalk pitch number and primary branches,and the yield components of grain number and weight per plant were relatively good,so the yield reached 2900 kg/hm^(2),which was 720 kg/hm^(2) or 33.03%higher than that of CK.In terms of plant nutrient uptake,with the increase of nitrogen application,the nitrogen uptake of the whole plant showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and the variation trend of phosphorus and potassium uptake was consistent,and the plant nutrient uptake was the highest with nitrogen application level of 225 kg/hm^(2),followed by nitrogen application at 150 kg/hm^(2).Therefore,under this experiment,the optimal nitrogen application rate is 150 kg/hm^(2) to 225 kg/hm^(2),which has not only high yield,but also the highest uptake of plant nutrients.