基于平整度的改建公路用户油耗模型及其测算方法

Analysis on Reconstructed Highway User Fuel Consumption Model and Calculation Method Based on Pavement Roughness

改建公路最显著的特征是对既有路面平整度的改善与提升。基于平整度的改善来进行用户效益评价是改建公路社会效益体现的重要方面,而平整度与用户油耗模型是进行该项研究的核心关键。目前已有研究成果均聚焦在新建公路,对于平整度与用户油耗的关系模型研究在改建公路领域的研究在行业内尚属空白。通过车轮与路面作用力学模型,分析了路面表观参数对汽车理论油耗的影响机理与灵敏度。基于平整度参数定义了分析的基准状态,并在可覆盖的样本范围内针对基准状态进行了影响参数的标定。通过实车的油耗试验与数据采集建立了基准状态下不同车型的平整度与车辆油耗的单参数关系模型。考虑路表摩擦系数、弯沉和车速参数对油耗的影响,采用多参数修正方法对基准状态油耗模型进行了修正,提出了适用于改建公路的用户油耗修正模型,并进行了改建公路的案例应用分析。结果表明:平整度对于改建公路用户油耗效益具有显著的敏感性;建立的基准状态平整度与用户油耗关系模型及基于摩擦系数、弯沉和车速的修正模型为解释车辆油耗与驾乘环境的理论关系提供了科学依据,对于支撑改建公路的用户效益评价具有重要意义。

The most significant feature of reconstructed highway is the improvement and enhancement of existing pavement smoothness. User benefit evaluation based on roughness improvement is an important aspect of social benefit of reconstructed highway, and roughness and user fuel consumption model is the core of the research. At present, the existing research results are focused on the new highways, and the study on the model of relationship between roughness and user fuel consumption in the field of highway reconstruction is still blank in the industry. The influence mechanism and sensitivity of the surface parameters on the theoretical fuel consumption of vehicles are analysed through the mechanical model of wheel-pavement interaction. The reference state of the analysis is defined based on the roughness parameters, and the influence parameters of the reference state are calibrated within the range of samples that can be covered. Based on the fuel consumption test and data collection of real vehicles, the model of single parameter relationship between roughness and fuel consumption of each vehicle type in reference state is established. Considering the influence of road surface friction coefficient, deflection and vehicle speed on fuel consumption, the reference state fuel consumption model is modified by using the multi-parameter correction method, the user fuel consumption correction model suitable for the reconstructed highway is proposed, and the case application analysis of the reconstructed highway is carried out. The result shows that(1) the roughness has a significant sensitivity to the fuel consumption benefit of the users of the reconstructed highway;(2) both the model of the relationship between roughness and user fuel consumption under the reference state and the modified model based on friction coefficient, deflection and vehicle speed provide a scientific basis for explaining the theoretical relationship between vehicle fuel consumption and driving environment, and they are of great significance for supporting the user benefit evaluation of reconstructed highways.