刑事判决已决事实对民事诉讼的证明效:理论与规则

The Proof Effect of the Decided Facts in Criminal Judgment on Civil Litigation:Theory and Rules

关于我国刑事判决已决事实对民事诉讼的效力问题,学界多植入域外已有判决效力制度规范或者理论予以研究,难免出现无法自洽之处。在我国制定法传统框架下,考察生效判决已决事实效力规则的渊源,以现行法规范解释为基础,兼顾刑、民两大诉讼形式相同而实质各异的事实认定思维路径,将刑事判决已决事实效力规则纳入证据规则范畴,明确其在民事诉讼中的证明效,并设计其具体规则,从而在保障民事审判权独立性的同时,有效发挥刑事判决已决事实对民事诉讼的作用。

Regarding the impact of China's facts that have been decided in the criminal verdicts on civil lawsuits,academics often implant foreign existing norms or theories on the effectiveness of verdicts and make researches,which inevitably lead to incongruity.Under the traditional framework of China's statute law,this paper investigates the origins of the rules of the effect of decided facts’validity,takes the interpretation of the current legal norms as the basis,taking into account the fact finding thinking path of criminal and civil litigation which have the same form but different essence,this paper puts the fact effect rule of criminal judgment into the category of evidence rule,clarifies its proof effect in civil litigation,and designs its specific rules,so as to effectively play the role of criminal judgment fact on civil litigation while safeguarding the independence of civil jurisdiction.