二甲双胍在肿瘤细胞代谢中的研究进展

Research progress of metformin in tumor cell metabolism

二甲双胍是2型糖尿病的一线降糖药物,其机制主要通过抑制肝脏葡萄糖的输出,并提高机体外周组织对胰岛素的敏感程度,从而增加葡萄糖的摄取和利用。不仅如此,现在有研究认为二甲双胍还可能通过激活酶的信号系统而发挥多方面的代谢调节作用。近年来二甲双胍表现出了除降糖以外的多种作用,如抗炎、抗肿瘤、延长寿命、预防脱发以及改善肠道菌群失调等。其中,对于二甲双胍在治疗肿瘤方面的研究越来越多,然而,当前关于二甲双胍在肿瘤细胞代谢方面如何发挥抗肿瘤作用的研究相对较少,本研究将主要从5个方面就二甲双胍在肿瘤细胞代谢中的可能作用和机制进行阐述,包括二甲双胍对肿瘤细胞葡萄糖代谢的作用及机制探讨,二甲双胍对肿瘤细胞脂质代谢的调节作用,二甲双胍对肿瘤细胞胰岛素代谢的调节作用,二甲双胍对肿瘤细胞线粒体的氧化磷酸化的作用及机制探讨,以及二甲双胍对肿瘤细胞免疫功能的调节作用。以期为今后的研究提供理论基础和新思路。

Metformin is a first-line hypoglycemic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus.The mechanism is mainly through inhibiting the glucose output of liver and improving the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin,thus increasing the uptake and utilization of glucose.However,it is now believed that metformin may also play a variety of metabolic regulatory roles by activating the signal system of enzymes.In recent years,metformin has shown a variety of functions besides hypoglycemia,such as anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,prolonging life span,preventing hair loss and improving intestinal flora imbalance.Among them,there are more and more researches on the effect of metformin in the treatment of tumor.However,how does metformin play an anti-tumor role in tumor cell metabolism.In this study,the potential mechanism of metformin in tumor cell metabolism are mainly elaborated in five aspects,the role and mechanism of metformin on glucose metabolism of tumor cells,the regulatory effect of metformin on lipid metabolism of tumor cells,the regulatory effect of metformin on insulin metabolism of tumor cells,the oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria of tumor cells induced by metformin,which to provide theoretical basis and new ideas for the later research.