超越“被简单化的民众”——历史街区改造中民众主体性视角的研究

Beyond the Simplified People:A Study from the Subjective Perspective of the People in the Renewal of Historic Urban Quarters

在城市空间开发与改造的相关研究中,存在两种普通民众的形象:抗争的行动者和功利的市民。都市运动研究者倾向于关注都市政治层面上,民众作为行动者与权力和资本的斗争;城市文化保护主义者倾向于持批判立场,认为普通民众缺乏文化保护意识,只关注住房和街区的市场价值。这两种民众的形象都有各自的合理性,但是也都存在精英主义者的视野局限。作为局外人,他们倾向于忽视了城市居民的复杂性、主体性和民众在城市更新过程中的反思性能力。进一步研究应该选择从居住者的主体性视角出发去理解他们在城市空间变迁过程中的选择、态度和感受,这种日常生活视野有助于我们理解普通民众为什么不去反抗粗暴的城市开发,为什么表现出对所谓城市文化的淡漠以及他们对居住空间变化的群体性追溯与反思。

There are two images of people in urban regeneration studies:the rebels and the utilitarian. Urban movement researchers tend to focus their research on the political level that the citizens as the actor struggle against the power and the capital. Urban cultural protectionists are inclined to take a critical line. They believed that ordinary people lack cultural protection consciousness and only pay their attention to the market value of their housings and blocks. These two kinds of peoples’ images have their own rationality,but they also have the limitation of elitists. As outsiders,they ignored the complexity of people,subjectivity and the changes in people’s attitudes in the process of urban renewal. In this paper,we should catch on the peoples’ choices,attitudes and feelings to their dwelling space changes from their own perspective. From the standpoint of everyday life,we can better understand why they do not resist brutal urban development and why they show their indifference to the so-called urban culture and the traceability and introspection on the change of living space.