酒糟沼渣在番茄基质育苗上的应用

Application of biogas residue of distiller grains in tomato substrate seedling

利用植物营养学和园艺栽培学的研究方法,对酱香型白酒酒糟沼渣的理化性状及其作为番茄育苗基质的应用进行了研究。结果表明:(1)纯沼渣不适合直接用作育苗基质,需要经过发酵和复配工艺。发酵后沼渣基质粒径更加均匀、吸水能力增强,但是,电导率EC值明显增加,较未发酵基质降低了发芽指数及出苗率,经过复配窖泥和蛭石可使基质理化性状达到合理范围;(2)通过不同基质配方的番茄育苗试验,筛选出最佳配方为m(细渣)∶m(蛭石)∶m(窖泥)为15∶8∶2,具有促进番茄生长、提高生物量及培育壮苗的作用。该配方的株高、茎粗和叶面积分别比对照增加了108.33mm、1.28mm和35.08cm2,地上部和地下部生物量(干重)显著高于对照及其他处理,壮苗指数达到0.49,显著高于草炭对照。因此,酒糟沼渣是良好的育苗基质材料,经过好氧发酵与复配可以应用于番茄育苗。

Using the research methods of plant nutrition and horticultural cultivation,the physical and chemical properties of the biogas residue from the distiller grains of Maotai flavor liquor and its application as tomato seedling substrate were investigated.The results showed that:(1)The pure biogas residue was not suitable for direct use as seedling substrate and needs to be fermented and compounded.After fermentation,the particle size of biogas residue matrix was more uniform and its water absorption capacity was enhanced,but its EC value was significantly increased,which reduced the germination index and seedling rate when compared with that of the unfermented matrix.Through the combination of pit mud and vermiculite,the physical and chemical properties of the matrix were within a reasonable range.(2)Through the experiment of tomato seedling cultivation with different matrix formula,the best formula selected was fine slag∶vermiculite∶pit mud quality ratio of 15∶8∶2,which had the effect of promoting tomato growth,increasing biomass and cultivating strong seedlings.The plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of the formula were increased by 108.33 mm,1.28 mm and 35.08 cm2,respectively.The biomass(dry weight)of the aboveground and underground parts was significantly higher than that of the control and other treatments.Its seedling index reached0.49,which was significantly higher than that of the peat control.In conclusion,the biogas residue of distiller grains wis a good substrate material for seedling,which can be used for tomato seedling after fermentation and compounding.