摘要
现代汉语选择连词"还是"能否用于陈述句主句,学界尚有争议。本文针对"还是"使用的语境展开语感调查与语料库调查,证实允准"还是"出现的既不是简单的陈述或疑问形式,也不是非真实性语境,而是句子是否表达言者的认知不确定性。绝大部分情况下"还是"排斥陈述句主句,是因为陈述句主要用于表达言者的确定性。一旦陈述句用于表达言者的不确定性,就可以允准"还是"的出现。由此提炼出"还是"具有"主观不确定性"的语义特征,这一特征也是"还是"与"或者"的区别所在。
Researchers have reached no consensus on whether the Chinese disjunctive coordinator haishi(还是)can be used in root declarative sentences.On the basis of a naturalness rating experiment and a corpus-based survey,this study shows that haishi is licensed neither by the declarative/interrogative form nor by the non-veridicality contexts;instead,haishi is licensed in sentences that express the speaker’s epistemic uncertainty.In most cases haishi cannot be used in declarative sentences,because declaratives generally express the speaker’s epistemic certainty.Once the declarative is used to convey the speaker’s uncertainty,the use of haishi is acceptable.It is hence argued that haishi has the semantic feature"subjective uncertainty",which distinguishes haishi from the other disjunctive coordinator huozhe(或者).
出处
《语言教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期70-79,共10页
Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“汉语非特指问句的形式语义学研究”(项目批准号:19YJC740113)
“暨南双百英才计划”项目(编号:DHT2020078)的资助。