“再”的词义演变动因

The motivations of meaning evolution of zai

"再"在汉代由数词义衍生出"重复"义和"承接"义。南宋之后,"再"形成了两条演变路径:一条路径是由"重复"义衍生出"延续"义,再由"延续"义衍生出"程度变化"义;另一条路径是由"承接"义衍生出"补充、添加"义。"再"的演变是内外动因共同作用的结果,其内部动因是词义之间的认知语义基础,其外部动因是汉语数量系统的调整,具体涉及数范畴"2"的调整和动量词的产生、发展。

In Han Dynasty,the meaning"repetition"and"succession"of zai(再)derived from its numeral meaning.After Southern Song dynasty,zai evolved in two paths.One way was that its derivative meaning"continuity"came from the meaning of"repetition"and then generated the meaning of"degree change".The other way was to derive the meaning of"supplement"and"addition"from the meaning of"succession".The evolution of zai is the joint effect of internal and external motivations.Its internal motivation is the cognitive semantic basis among meaning items and its external motivation is the adjustment of Chinese quantitative system,which specifically involves the adjustment of the number category"two"and the emergence and development of verbal classifiers.