苯甲酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Benzoic Acid on Growth Performance,Diarrhea Rate and Intestinal Flora of Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加苯甲酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取21日龄“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪72头,随机分为对照组(基础饲粮)和苯甲酸组(基础饲粮+5000 mg/kg苯甲酸),每组6个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。试验期42 d,分为3个阶段:第1~14天、第15~28天、第29~42天。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加5000 mg/kg的苯甲酸,1)显著提高仔猪第15天的体重(P<0.05),显著提高仔猪断奶后第1~14天平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低仔猪断奶后第29~42天、第1~42天的料重比(P<0.05);2)显著降低仔猪断奶后第1~14天、第15~28天、第29~42天以及第1~42天的腹泻率和粪便评分(P<0.05);3)显著降低仔猪断奶后第14天回肠、盲肠、结肠芽孢杆菌的数量(P<0.05),显著降低仔猪断奶后第42天盲肠芽孢杆菌的数量(P<0.05);显著降低仔猪断奶后第14天结肠、第42天盲肠和结肠总细菌的数量(P<0.05);显著提高仔猪断奶后第42天回肠乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05),有增加仔猪断奶后第14天回肠乳酸杆菌数量的趋势(P=0.083),有降低仔猪断奶后第42天结肠大肠杆菌数量的趋势(P=0.065)。结果提示,在本试验条件下,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加苯甲酸可显著降低仔猪的腹泻率和粪便评分,抑制肠道细菌生长,提高仔猪的生长性能。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary benzoic acid on growth performance,diarrhea rate and intestinal flora of weaned piglets.A total of 72 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets at aged of 21 days were allotted to control group and benzoic acid group according to body weight with 6 replicates,and 6 pigs(3 barrows and 3 gilts)per replicate.The experiment lasted for 42 days,which was divided into three stages:days 1 to 14,days 15 to 28 and days 29 to 42.The control group were fed a basal diet,while benzoic acid group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5000 mg/kg benzoic acid.The results showed that compared with control group,1)dietary supplementation of 5000 mg/kg benzoic acid significantly increased the body weight of piglets on day 14(P<0.05),the average daily gain from days 1 to 14 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of piglets from days 29 to 42 and days 1 to 42 after weaning was significantly decreased(P<0.05);2)diarrhea rate and fecal score of piglets from days 1 to 14,days 15 to 28,days 29 to 42 and days 1 to 42 after weaning were significantly decreased(P<0.05);3)the number of Bacillus in ileum,cecum and colon were significantly reduced on day 14(P<0.05),the number of Bacillus in cecum was significantly reduced on day 42(P<0.05),the number of total bacteria in colon,cecum and colon was significantly reduced on day 14(P<0.05),and the number of Lactobacillus in ileum was significantly increased on day 42(P<0.05).There was a tendency to increase the number of Lactobacillus in ileum on day 14(P=0.083),and to decrease the number of E.coli in colon on day 42(P=0.065).In conclusion,dietary supplemented 5000 mg/kg benzoic acid significantly reduce the diarrhea rate and fecal score of piglets,inhibit the growth of intestinal bacteria,and improve the growth performance of piglets.