叶面喷硒对花生硒吸收积累与分配规律研究

Study on the Absorption,Accumulation and Distribution of Selenium in Peanut by Foliage Dressing

以富硒能力较强的花生品种为研究对象,设4个硒肥叶面喷施梯度,通过大田试验,研究叶面喷施不同用量硒肥对花生硒吸收积累的影响,分析硒吸收分配规律,为标准化、规模化和产业化开发富硒花生提供技术参考。结果表明,施硒条件下,花生硒含量总体表现为叶>籽仁>茎>根>果壳,硒累积量总体表现为叶>籽仁>茎>根>果壳。花生植株总的硒肥利用率为23.09%~24.88%。花生各器官干物质积累量在喷施不同用量硒肥时均不存在显著差异,但花生不同器官的硒含量和硒积累量均随硒肥喷施量的增加而明显提高,其中籽仁显著增加(p<0.05)。叶片和籽仁是主要的硒存储器官,叶片吸收的硒主要转运到籽仁中,在土壤硒不能满足生产时,叶片喷施硒肥是开发富硒花生极佳的技术途径。

Peanut varieties with strong selenium enrichment ability were taken as the research object,and 4 selenium fertilizer spraying gradients were set up in this trial.The effects of different amounts of selenium fertilizer spraying on the selenium absorption and accumulation in peanuts were studied under field condition to analyze the law of selenium absorption and distribution,and so as to provide technical reference for standardized large-scale industrial development of selenium-enriched peanuts.The results showed,under the condition of selenium fertilizer application,the selenium content in peanut organs was leaf>kernel>stem>root>shell,and the selenium accumulation was leaf>kernel>stem>root>shell.The total utilization rate of selenium fertilizer in peanut plant was 23.09%~24.88%.There was no significant difference in the dry matter accumulation in various organs of peanut under different selenium fertilizer application gradients,but the selenium content and selenium accumulation in different organs of peanut increased significantly with the increase of selenium fertilizer application,and that in peanut kernel increased significantly(p<0.05).Leaf and peanut kernel are the main selenium storage organs.The selenium absorbed by the leaves is mainly transferred to the peanut kernels.When soil selenium cannot meet the requirement,spraying selenium fertilizer on leaves is the positive technical way to develop selenium-enriched peanut.