间歇运动结合隔日断食对老年代谢综合征大鼠己糖激酶活性和线粒体功能的影响

Effects of intermittent exercise and fasting every other day on hexokinase activity and mitochondrial function in aged rats with metabolic syndrome

目的探讨间歇运动结合隔日断食对老年代谢综合征(MS)大鼠己糖激酶(HK)活性和线粒体功能的影响。方法选择24只13周龄老年雄性Wistar大鼠建立MS模型,成模后将体重增加量位于后1/3的大鼠剔除,将剩余16只大鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各8只。对照组大鼠常规饲养,观察组大鼠给予间歇运动结合隔日断食干预。分别于成模后第1、3、5、7、8周测定2组大鼠体重并记录;处死大鼠后,收集器官和组织并进行称重测量;采用葡萄糖分析仪和酶联免疫吸附实验法检测大鼠葡萄糖耐量及空腹血糖;高效液相色谱-紫外(HPLC-UV)检测大鼠肝脏中腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(ATP)和二磷酸腺苷(ADP)的水平;Clark型电极检测线粒体呼吸速率和磷酸化效率。结果2组大鼠第1周时体重比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),观察组第3、5、7、8周体重显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组大鼠棕色脂肪、骨骼肌增重百分比显著高于对照组,内脏脂肪增重百分比低于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组的血糖受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)和空腹胰岛素水平显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组肝脏、心脏和骨骼肌处的HK酶活性显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组ATP和ADP含量显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组Ⅲ型呼吸速率和呼吸控制率均显著高于对照组(P <0.05),Ⅳ型呼吸2组比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论间歇运动结合隔日断食通过提高HK活性和线粒体生物功能改善老年MS大鼠模型的葡萄糖和脂质代谢,改善了MS的代谢紊乱和其他并发症。

Objective To investigate the effect of intermittent exercise combined with fasting every other day on hexokinase(HK) activity and mitochondrial function in aged rats with metabolic syndrome(MS). Methods Twenty-four 13-week-old male Wistar rats were selected to establish the MS model. After the model was formed,the rats whose weight gain was in the back 1/3 were eliminated,and the remaining 16 rats were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method,with 8 rats in each group. The rats in the control group were bred routinely,and the rats in the observation group were given intermittent exercise and fasting every other day. The body weights of the two groups were measured and recorded at 1,3,5,7,and 8 weeks after the formation of the model. After the rats sacrificed,the organs and tissues were collected and weighed. Glucose analyzer and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect rat glucose tolerance and fasting blood glucose. High performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet(HPLC-UV) detection of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP) levels in rat liver. The mitochondrial respiration rate and phosphorylation efficiency are measured by Clark-type electrodes. Results At the first week,there was no significant difference in the weight of the two groups of rats(P > 0. 05). The body weights of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group(P < 0. 05). The weight gain percentages of brown fat and skeletal muscle in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0. 05),the percentage of visceral fat weight gain was lower than that of the control group(P < 0. 05). The receiver operating characteristic curve area(AUC) and fasting insulin levels of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P < 0. 05). The HK enzyme activities in the liver,heart and skeletal muscle of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0. 05). The contents of ATP and ADP in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0. 05). The type Ⅲ respiration rate and respiration control rate of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference between the two groups of typeⅣ respiration(P > 0. 05). Conclusion Intermittent exercise combined with fasting every other day can improve the glucose and lipid metabolism of the elderly MS rat model by increasing the activity of HK and the biological function of mitochondria,and improve the metabolic disorders and other complications of MS.