生猪养殖废水厌氧处理最适运行温度估算

Evaluation of the optimum operation temperatures for swine slurry anaerobic treatment

厌氧反应器是生猪养殖废水厌氧处理系统中的关键处理单元。在冬季,东北地区的厌氧反应器需要消耗大量的能量以保证其正常运行以及较高的产气效率。为解决上述问题,提高沼气企业经济效益,本文利用猪粪水半连续厌氧产沼气运行数据和黑龙江省近五年的逐日平均气温,估算了黑龙江省厌氧反应器按照最大原料产气率和最大容积产气率两种模式运行时的最适运行温度,探讨了厌氧反应器低温运行的可行性。结果表明,在10℃~35℃条件下,黑龙江省生猪废水厌氧反应器的最适运行温度均为25℃;按照最大原料产气率和最大容积产气率相应的工艺操作,最适运行温度下生猪养殖废水的COD去除率可分别达到87.0%和50.9%。该研究可为寒区其他禽畜养殖废水厌氧反应器的发酵运行温度估算提供方法和技术支持,同时可为已建厌氧反应器的节能增效提供新的思路。

Anaerobic reactor is the key unit in the anaerobic treatment system of swine slurry.The anaerobic reactors in Northeast China need to consume much energy to ensure their stable operation and higher gas yield in winter.In order to solve above problems and improve the economic benefits of biogas enterprises,the operating data of sequencing batch anaerobic fermentation of swine slurry and the daily average temperatures of Heilongjiang Province in recent five years were used to estimate the optimum operation temperatures of biogas plants according to the maximum biogas yield rate of fermentation substrate and the maximum volumetric biogas production rate and the feasibility of its operation at low temperatures was discussed.The results showed that the optimum operation temperatures of the anaerobic reactors without thermal insulation layer in Heilongjiang Province running in two modes were both 25℃when the operation temperatures were in the range of 10℃~35℃.Under the corresponding technological conditions of the two modes at optimum operation temperatures,the removal rates of COD from swine slurry could reach 87.0%and 50.9%,respectively.The study could provide methods and technical support for the estimation of fermentation operating temperatures of other livestock wastewater anaerobic reactors in cold area.And it could also provide new ideas to increase the energy saving and efficiency of the established anaerobic reactors at the same time.