分子标记鉴定结合田间农艺性状选择培育水稻黑C173

Breeding of the rice HeiC173 with combination of molecular marker identification and field agronomic trait selection

黑龙江省水稻主茎叶片14或15片晚熟品种往往具有抽穗期Hd2Hd2Hd4Hd4基因型,主茎叶片11片叶的早熟品种是hd2hd2hd4hd4基因型。培育适于黑龙江省第3积温区的、具有茎叶直立、抗倒伏、耐冷、出米率高、丰产的水稻新品种是十分重要的。以种植于吉林省北部及黑龙江省南部的株型直立、抗倒伏、丰产、晚熟水稻吉粳88为母本,以具有早熟、耐冷性好的空育131为父本配制杂交组合。在杂交后代材料中,秧苗阶段利用分子标记选择抽穗期基因,本田阶段目测观察选择株型、株高、抗倒伏和耐冷等农艺性状,创制符合育种目标要求且稳定的水稻株系及品系。对创制的水稻品系进行田间鉴定及重要农艺性状鉴定,培育符合育种目标的水稻新品种。利用Hd2-Caps和Hd4-Caps等功能性分子标记,在秧苗期对吉粳88×空育131杂交后代材料进行鉴定,选择具有hd2和hd4基因的植株移植到本田,在本田阶段田间观察选择株型、株高、抗倒伏和耐冷等农艺性状。通过将分子标记和田间性状选择相结合,获得了具有hd2hd2hd4hd4基因型的茎叶直立、抗倒伏、耐冷的水稻黑C173候选品系。对黑C173候选品系进行田间鉴定及选择,对入选的综合性状好的品系进行抗稻瘟病性、耐冷性和抗倒伏性等性状鉴定,初步培育成功了水稻新品种黑C173。黑C173水稻的主要特点是主茎叶片数11片左右、茎叶直立、千粒重24 g左右、株高较高、抗倒伏、耐冷、丰产、出米率高。分子标记与田间观察相结合是培育常规纯系水稻品种的有效方法,本文培育的黑C173品种可以用于黑龙江省第三积温区水稻生产。

Late maturing rice varieties of Heilongjiang Province with 14 or 15 leaves of main stem usually are Hd2 Hd2 Hd4 Hd4 genotype of heading date,early maturing varieties with 11 leaves of main stem are hd2 hd2 hd4 hd4 genotype.It was essential for breeding of new rice varieties that had characteristics of growth period suitable for the third accumulated temperature region in Heilongjiang Province,erected stem-leaf,lodging resistance,cold tolerance,better milled rice rate and high yield.The crossing combination was prepared with female parent of Jijing88 and male parent of Kongyu131 with early maturity and better cold tolerance,which Jijing88 with erected plant type,lodging resistance,high yield and late heading date was planted in the north of Jilin Province and the south of Heilongjiang Province.Stable plant lines and rice lines meeting requirements of breeding objectives were created from the hybrid progeny materials,based on heading date genes identified with molecular marker at seedling stage and the agronomic traits of plant type,plant height,lodging resistance and cold tolerance selected with visual observation in paddy field.A new rice variety with breeding objectives was bred through testing the created rice lines in field and identification of important agronomic traits of the variety.Rice seedlings with hd2 and hd4 gene were selected and transplanted to field according to identifying hybrid progeny materials of Jijing88×Kongyu131 with the functional molecular markers of Hd2-Caps and Hd4-Caps at seedling stage,and plants were further selected in field period with observation to the agronomic traits of plant type,plant height,lodging resistance and cold tolerance.Candidate rice lines of HeiC173 were obtained with combination of molecular marker and field trait selection,which had the genotype of hd2 hd2 hd4 hd4,erected stem-leaf,lodging resistance and cold tolerance.A new rice variety HeiC173 was initially successfully bred,after the candidate lines were tested and selected in field and the selected line with comprehensive characters was identified in blast resistance,cold tolerance and lodging resistance.The main characteristics of the rice HeiC173 were as follows:about 11 leaves of main stem,erected stem-leaf,about 24 g per 1000 grains,higher plant height,lodging resistance,cold tolerance,better milled rice rate and high yield.The combination of molecular markers and field observation was an effective method to breed conventional pure line varieties of rice.The rice HeiC173 bred in this study could be used for production in the third accumulated temperature region of Heilongjiang Province.