饲粮添加新产玉米对肉仔鸡生长性能及肠道微生物区系的影响

Effects of New Corns Added to the Diets on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

试验旨在研究饲粮添加新产玉米对肉仔鸡生长性能及肠道微生物区系的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,选取288只1日龄健康科宝肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4组,每个处理组设6个重复,每个重复12只鸡,分别饲喂占饲粮总比例60%旧玉米(对照组)、占饲粮总比例40%旧玉米+占饲粮总比例20%新产玉米(处理Ⅰ组)、占饲粮总比例20%旧玉米+占饲粮总比例40%新产玉米(处理Ⅱ组)、占饲粮总比例60%新产玉米(处理Ⅲ组)4种饲粮。试验期为42 d,分前期(0~21 d)和后期(22~42 d)两个阶段进行。21、42日龄末测定各试验组试鸡生长性能,42日龄末采集对照组和处理Ⅲ组肉仔鸡回肠、盲肠食糜测定肠道微生物丰度。试验结果显示:①处理Ⅲ组显著降低了前期和后期肉仔鸡平均日增重(P<0.05),增加了前期和后期肉仔鸡料重比(P<0.05)。②对照组和处理Ⅲ组样本中盲肠和回肠相对丰度较高的菌门为Firmicutes和Proteobacteria;回肠相对丰度较高优势菌属为Lactobacillus、Romboutsia和Candidatus_Arthromitus;盲肠相对丰度较高优势菌属为Escherichia-Shigella、Faecalibacterium和Lachnoclostridium。③与对照组相比,处理Ⅲ组回肠中Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria和Lactobacillus显著增加,盲肠中Firmicute、Lactobacillus和Faecalibacterium显著增加(P<0.05)。综上所述,随着饲粮中新产玉米添加比例的提高,肉仔鸡生长性能有所下降,而且对肉仔鸡肠道微生物区系发育产生了负面影响。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of new corn added to the diets on growth performance and intestinal microflora of broilers.2881-day-old healthy Kebao broilers were randomly divided into four groups.Each treatment group was divided into 6 replicates,each of which was 12 chickens.They were fed to the control group(60%old corn),the treatment groupⅠ(40%old corn+20%new corn),the treatment groupⅡ(20%old corn+40%new corn),and the treatment groupⅢ(60%new corn).The experimental period was 42 days,which was divided into two periods:early stage(0~21 days of age)and late stage(22~42 days of age).At the end of 21 and 42 days,the growth performance of each experimental group was measured.At the end of 42 days,the intestinal microflora relative abundance of broiler chicks was measured in the control group and the treatment groupⅢ.The results showed that:①treatment groupⅢsignificantly reduced the average daily gain(P<0.05)and increased the feed to weight ratio(P<0.05).②The relative abundance of cecum and ileum in the control group and the treatment groupⅢwere Firmicutes and Proteobacteria,and the relative abundance of ileum was lactobacillus,romboutsia and Candidatus_Arthromitu.The dominant species of cecum with high relative abundance were Escherichia Shigella,Faecalibacterium and Lachnoclostridium.③Compared with the control group,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Latobacillus in ileum and Firmicute,Latobacillus and Faecalibacterium in cecum were significantly increased in groupⅢ(P<0.05).To sum up,with the increase of the proportion of new corn in the diet,the growth performance of broilers decreased,and had a negative impact on the development of intestinal microflora.